Gas-Solid Filtration

Textile medium has been used as an aid for filtration since old ages. Early humans used woven sacks made of cotton or wool for filtration. During the industrial revolution, reverse air cleaning with cotton or woolen bags were popular. With the introduction of man-made fibers, fabric filtration seen a huge success in the industrial which widened its applications [high temperature filtration, micro dust collection, etc].  Its literally used in almost all types of industries to collected dust from the gas.

Their are four types of Gas-solid filtration systems currently available for the industries. They are textile filtration systems, electrostatic precipitator, centrifugal filtration system and wet filtration system. Among these, textile and electrostatic precipitator systems are used much. Textile filtration systems are preferred much because of its high filtration efficiency and can be engineered to suit the industry.

Textile filtration for gas-solid can be broadly divided into the following;

  1. Membrane filtration
  2. Fiber filtration
  3. Fabric filtration
Membrane filtration can achieve high filtration efficiency but only can be used for small scale like laboratory. Fiber filtration uses a layer of loose fibers to collect the dust and it cannot not be reused again. Advantages like  high cleaning efficiency, renewable and wide scope of application made the fabric as an effective choice for filtration. Cleaning process of the fabric filters are little different from other methods of filtration. This is the only filtration method where the accumulated dust itself plays an important role in the cleaning efficiency of the fabric filtration because these dust will act like a filter medium. 

Fabric filters also can be easily engineered to suit the different types of industries. By simply changing the cover factor of the fabrics we can achieve the necessary cleaning efficiency. Also by selecting suitable fibers we can cover wide scope of application; for example: Nomex or glass fiber fabric for high temperature filtration, Felts for collecting small particles, PP fabric filters for chemical industries etc..

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